Thursday, December 12, 2019

What they do with our money is more important.

"The US, Mexico, India, China and Chile tax global income. Western Europe, Japan, Canada, Peru and Colombia tax territorial income," wrote Prof Ricardo Hausmann. "if the world moved toward global taxation and enhanced some incipient information-sharing mechanisms, the impact on inclusive growth, especially in the developing world, would be very positive." The US forces all countries to share financial information on US citizens. "For example, the US Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) requires that all international financial institutions report to the US on the accounts held by its tax residents." However, US companies were enticed to repatriate profits held abroad by cutting taxes and not by force, even though the government was aware of the practice. Governments have signed Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAA) to attract foreign investments into their countries. As for individuals, excessive income tax encourages people to move to "the informal sector of sole proprietorships and unincorporated micro-enterprises, where withholding does not work and the tax system has trouble collecting." "While eight out of nine workers in the US work for incorporate businesses", "in India it's fewer than one in ten". "Close to 81% of all employed persons in India make a living by working in the informal sector, with only 6.5% in the formal sector and 0.8% in the household sector," found a report by the International Labor Organisation (ILO).  The Economic Survey of 2018-19 by the Ministry of Finance, presented before the Budget, estimated that "almost 93%" of the total workforce is in the informal sector. Prof Shruti Rajagopalan distinguishes between 'good corruption', which increases efficiency and promotes economic growth, and 'bad corruption', which is using public office for private gain. Trouble for us ordinary citizens is that professors concentrate of increasing tax collection but not enough on what governments do with our money. Elections in India are won not by long term reforms but by distributing handouts to the poor, which leaves little money for infrastructure investments. "Over the last five years, the Modi government has been trying to raise the Centre's resources through attacks on black money, making stringent compliance provisions..." wrote R Jagannathan. So stringent are the tax demands that they prompted owner of Cafe Coffe Day VG Siddhartha to take his own life. Finally, Hausmann's own country, Venezuela is a classic example of gross misuse of public funds by Hugo Chavez. Massive overspending by Chavez was financed by borrowing so that Venezuela "had used the oil boom to sextuple the foreign debt". If politicians are stopped from misusing government finances to buy votes or on ideological fantasies there may not be a great need for global collection of taxes. We need protection from predation.

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