Wednesday, April 04, 2018

Hindi majority not the same as Hindu majority.

The government has set up 15th Finance Commission to decide on allocation of funds to states. The commission is to base its calculations on the population census carried out in 2011 instead of population figures from the 1971 census, which has been the practice till now. The southern states, of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra, Telangana and Karnataka, are incensed at the proposal because they have reduced their fertility rates to below replacement level of 2.1, while the Hindi states of Bihar, UP, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh have much higher fertility rates. Using 2011 population census will dramatically reduce fund allocation to southern states compared to Hindi states, which is leading to enormous anger. Some argue that it is morally right for the strong to help the weak and it is the duty of the government to direct development to poorer states so that all states become economically equal. Inequality between states is enormous and increasing. The top 3 states are 3 times richer than the bottom 3 states and the difference is growing. The Goods and Services Tax is based on consumption and is shared equally between the state and central governments so this will shift revenue from industrial states like Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu to states like Bihar and UP. But this is not the only fear. The greater fear is redistribution of parliamentary seats in accordance with demographics. In 1971, India's total population was 548 million, by 2031 it will reach 1.4 billion, wrote A Ranade. If members of parliament are elected according to 1971 census, some constituencies will be over 3 million while others will be just 50,000. However, delimitation will result in a massive increase in seats allotted to Hindi states while southern states will lose out. It seems grossly unfair to reward states for bad behavior. Majoritarianism is regularly condemned as undemocratic. The victory of the BJP in 2014 general elections has incensed liberals because it is seen as a victory for the Hindu majority. Rahul Gandhi has been on a temple crawl to correct the perception of the Congress being anti-Hindu. All political parties, except the BJP, claim to be secular, by giving greater rights to minorities compared to the majority Hindus. The Lingayats have been agitating for minority status which has been granted by the Congress government in Karnataka. Surely, giving more money and more seats in parliament to Hindi states because of greater numbers is majoritarianism? India is a federal republic so the central government should allow states to raise their own revenues and spend on development, wrote Prof S Rajagopalan. "Citizens of these states will benefit in the long run because fiscal autonomy will put pressure on these governments to put their house in order." Politicians don't want to be responsible. They love spending our money.

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