From top to bottom.

"India's liberalization in 1991 was premised on the idea that it would make local industries more competitive, helping them capture world markets, which in turn would enable millions of workers to move away from low-productivity farm jobs to high-productivity factory jobs," wrote P Bhattacharya. Data from the RBI shows that it has been partially realised, but has been skewed. "While the pace of non-farm job creation in the post-liberalization era (at 3.39% per annum) is similar to the pace of job creation in the decade immediately preceding liberalization (at 3.59% per annum), the growth of jobs in the post-liberalization era has been very narrowly concentrated in a few sectors." Construction was the biggest creator of jobs at 35.74%, followed by trade at 14.56% and miscellaneous services, including real estate brokers, at 8.43%. The same data from the RBI showed that employment in the total Indian economy actually shrank by 0.1% in 2015-16 and by 0.2% in 2014-15, wrote M Chakravarty. The number of people in agriculture has fallen but productivity in "the construction industry has been declining". "What's wrong with Indian real estate?" asked S Nayar. Developers concentrated on the higher end of the market, asked for excessive prices and delayed projects making customers suffer. Between 2005 and 2008 $25 billion was invested in Indian real estate market. "Barely 20-30% of about $25 billion has been returned." Lack of jobs is not the only problem. "Even as the Indian economy struggles to create new jobs, employers in the country find it increasingly difficult to find employable workers," wrote D Jain. Surveys regularly show that the quality of education in schools is dire, and getting worse. We maybe poor in educating our children but we are the best in cheating them. Nearly 200 substandard engineering colleges have applied to the All India Council for Technical Education, or AICTE, to close down. "AICTE wants to close down about 800 engineering colleges across India". What were they doing all these years when parents were paying vast sums of money they could ill afford for their children to be made unfit to survive? But it is not all bad news. Seems that many multinationals are shifting their global inhouse centers, or GICs, for research in digital technology, to India. Sadly, those who have wasted years in poor quality education centers will not benefit. We cannot depend on Indian companies to create jobs. "Lending to corporates in India has never been a profitable activity," said S Mukherjee, meaning they deliberately default on their loans. The Supreme Court is frustrated that Rs 1 trillion meant for protecting the environment was used for other purpose. Household savings are dropping not because of a lack of jobs but because of having to pay for services for which we have paid taxes already, wrote VA Nageswaran. Humongous government, no governance.